China has strategically pursued self-reliance in critical technologies, aiming to make other nations dependent. Its sustained economic growth and massive R&D investment, outlined in ambitious Five-Year Plans, have resulted in global dominance across fields like AI, quantum, and EVs. This long-term strategy has yielded significant results. The text highlights how China's control over rare earth minerals now poses a critical dependency for the US, particularly for rebuilding its depleted military arsenal after conflicts. Beijing has successfully positioned itself to control vital global supply chains, demonstrating effective strategic execution on a global scale.