The Taxation Bill, 2026, proposes fees on UPI and RuPay debit card payments. The zero MDR policy made the UPI ecosystem financially unsustainable, with insufficient government subsidies. To ensure seamless digital payments and infrastructure investment, a stable revenue source is vital. While concerns exist, charges would be above a threshold and on limited transactions, impacting few users. Reintroducing MDR is crucial for financial sustainability and fostering competition in the payment ecosystem.